Poly(styrenesulfonate):Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PSS:PEDOT) Based Mixed Electronic and Ionic Conducting COF.

Authors

Chitvan Jain, Rinku Kushwaha, Sudipta Majumder, Yashraj Singh, Piyush Singh, Augastus Camellus, Chathakudath Prabhakaran Vinod, Atikur Rahman, Ramanathan Vaidhyanathan

Published in

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). Pages e74693. Jul 28, 2026. Epub Jul 28, 2026.

Abstract

Developing efficient mixed electronic-ionic (MEI) conductors remains a critical challenge for next-generation electronic devices. While covalent organic frameworks (COFs), with their tunable functionalities and ordered porosity, present a promising platform, only a limited number of COFs demonstrate dual conduction pathways. In this work, we integrate the MEI characteristics of PEDOT:PSS polymers into a COF architecture. A quinoline-linked COF (PSS_COF) with sulfonate-lined pore walls was synthesized via a one-pot Povarov reaction. Subsequent in-situ oxidative polymerization of PEDOT, electrostatically anchored to the sulfonated framework, yielded PEDOT:PSS_COF. Electron microscopy revealed ordered structure, with well-defined reflections in the SAED patterns distinctly indexed to the modeled crystal structure. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) showed a 1.31 eV elevation in the valence band maximum of PEDOT:PSS_COF relative to PSS_COF, with a higher DOS near the Fermi level. This enhances electronic conductivity, from ∼10^-8 to 10^-2 Scm^-1. The elevated HOMO level and strong EPR signal suggest the formation of polaronic species on the PEDOT chains. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) revealed a humidity-dependent ionic conductivity, reaching 4.6 × 10^-5 Scm^-1 at 95% RH and 303K, suggesting a protonic conductivity. The work demonstrates a strategy for developing high-performance MEI-conductive frameworks, by homing electronic carriers into anionic frameworks to achieve mixed-ion conduction.

PMID:
42517259
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 28 Jul 2026.

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