Authors
Mariana Torreglosa Ruiz, Cynthya Viana de Resende, Marianne Guterres Ferreira, Michele Curcino Cavalcanti, Elisa da Conceição Rodrigues, Marialda Moreira Christoffel, Ana Letícia Monteiro Gomes, Ana Maria Linares
Published in
Revista gaucha de enfermagem. Volume 47. Pages e20250300. Epub Jul 27, 2026.
Abstract
to identify factors associated with acute pain in the areola-nipple complex during the initial breastfeeding process among primiparous women.
a longitudinal study conducted with 102 primiparous women, allocated to two university hospitals, between December 2023 and April 2024. Follow-up was completed in May 2024, with conditions and intentions favorable to breastfeeding. Painful sensations related to breastfeeding were questioned during hospitalization and follow-up in the first two weeks postpartum. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were applied, and variables with a p-value ≤ 0.200 were included in the Poisson regression model with robust variance.
more than half of the women experienced acute pain in the areola-nipple complex during their Rooming-In, and about a quarter continued to complain of pain in the first 15 days after delivery. Only the variable injury in the areola-nipple complex explained pain during breastfeeding during hospitalization (p<0.001). Both injuries (p<0.001) and breast engorgement (p=0.026) in the first weeks were associated with pain.
acute pain in the areola-nipple complex was commonly reported, complications during breastfeeding were factors associated with the sensation of pain. Support and guidance from healthcare professionals are essential to prevent and/or manage adverse outcomes that could prevent primiparous women from successfully establishing exclusive breastfeeding.
PMID:
42525096
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 29 Jul 2026.
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