[Association between diet quality and food carbon footprint among urban and rural residents in 15 provinces of China in 2018].

Authors

Zijian Wang, Xi Hong, Liusen Wang, Jiguo Zhang, Zhongting Lu, Huijun Wang, Bing Zhang, Hongru Jiang, Zhihong Wang

Published in

Wei sheng yan jiu = Journal of hygiene research. Volume 55. Issue 4. Pages 623-630.

Abstract

To examine the association between diet quality and food carbon footprint among adult urban and rural residents in China.
Data were derived from the 2018 wave of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), including 11 573 adults aged ≥18 years with complete dietary and demographic information. Individual food carbon footprint was estimated using coefficients from a life-cycle assessment-based database and expressed as grams of CO2 equivalents per day (g CO2eq/d). Diet quality was evaluated using the China Dietary Guideline Index 2022(CDGI-2022). Multivariable linear regression models were applied to assess the relationship between CDGI-2022 scores and log-transformed total food carbon footprints.
The median total food carbon footprint was higher among urban residents (1748.13 g CO2eq/d) than among rural residents (1644.85 g CO2eq/d) (P<0.001). Carbon footprints among urban residents were mainly driven by animal-source foods, whereas those among rural residents were primarily derived from plant-based foods. The mean CDGI-2022 score was higher in urban residents than in rural residents (48.12±11.31 vs.42.37±10.87, P<0.001). Multivariable regression analysis showed that CDGI-2022 total scores were positively associated with log-transformed total food carbon footprints in both urban (β=0.003, 95%CI 0.002-0.004) and rural residents (β=0.004, 95%CI 0.003-0.005). Scores for adequate- and moderate-intake components were positively associated with food carbon footprints (P<0.001). Higher scores for limited-intake components were inversely associated with carbon footprints among urban residents (β=-0.007, 95%CI -0.008--0.005), but no significant association was observed among rural residents.
Under current dietary patterns in China, higher diet quality is associated with higher food consumption carbon footprints.

PMID:
42543235
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 03 Aug 2026.

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