Reproducibility and validity of dietary polyphenols derived from 24-hour dietary recalls in the Anhui Lifestyle Validation Study.

Authors

Guobing Sun, Meiling Li, Jiawei Zhang, Junyi Zhang, Hongjuan Cao, Young Lyu, Xinghao Ma, Yu Han, Xinsheng Qin, Zhuang Zhang, Wanshui Yang

Published in

The British journal of nutrition. Pages 1-28. Aug 04, 2026. Epub Aug 04, 2026.

Abstract

While 24-hour dietary recalls (24HDRs) are increasingly used to assess polyphenol-disease associations, their performance for measuring total dietary polyphenols and their subclasses remains unknown. In the Anhui Lifestyle Validation Study, 432 community-dwelling adults completed 12-day dietary recalls, structured as 4 seasonal sets of 3 consecutive 24HDRs (2 weekdays and 1 weekend day each) between July 2021 and July 2022. Reproducibility of dietary total polyphenols, flavonoids, lignans and phenolic acids assessed by different number of non-consecutive 24HDRs was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Relative validity was evaluated by comparing estimates from different numbers of 24HDRs with the internal reference using deattenuated Spearman correlation coefficients (r_c). The reproducibility from 2 24HDRs was weak for these 4 polyphenol categories (ICC: 0.10-0.39), while 3 24HDRs yielded a reasonable reproducibility for total polyphenols (ICC: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.31-0.50), flavonoids (ICC: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.33-0.51), and phenolic acids (ICC: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.16-0.66), but not for lignans (ICC: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.01-0.26). Increasing recall days up to 4-6 seemed not to appreciably improve the reproducibility (ICC range: 0.13-0.17 for lignans, 0.41-0.56 for other polyphenols). The relative validity against the internal reference of these 4 polyphenol categories was moderate for 2 24HDRs (r_c: 0.50-0.74) and improved for ≥ 3 24HDRs (r_c: 0.76-1.00). Older age, female sex, and weekend administration were associated with lower reproducibility of 3 24HDR-based assessments of phenolic acids or flavonoids. Overall, our results suggest that 3 non-consecutive 24HDRs may have acceptable performance in measuring most dietary polyphenol intake except for lignans.

PMID:
42547489
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 04 Aug 2026.

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