Authors
Dung Nguyen Tien, Phong Pham Thanh, Chau Dao Minh Huynh, Cuong Pham Quoc, Hao Vo Thien, Ngan Truong Phuc Thoai, Thang Truong Le, Hieu Tran-Van
Published in
Chemistry & biodiversity. Volume 23. Issue 8. Pages e71546.
Abstract
The ethanol extract of H. capitata stems and flowers were prepared using the hot extraction method with 96% ethanol for chemical composition and biological analysis. GC-MS and LC-MS identified 71 compounds across both extracts. The flower extract contained the highest total phenolic content (TPC) (48.47 ± 2.03 mg GAE/g), while the stem extract showed higher total flavonoid content (TFC) (9.21 ± 0.10 mg QE/g), and total triterpenoid contents (TTC) (27.01 ± 1.06 mg OAE/g). The flower extract demonstrated stronger antioxidant activity than the stem extract, with IC50 values of 18.00 ± 0.28 µg/mL (DPPH) and 3.81 ± 0.04 µg/mL (ABTS). It also exhibited antifungal activity against four pathogenic fungal strains (MIC: 500-1000 µg/mL). In addition, both extracts showed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, particularly the flower extract (IC50 = 5.87 ± 0.18 µg/mL), compared with the stem extract (IC50 = 23.27 ± 0.77 µg/mL), suggesting the presence of constituents associated with antidiabetic potential. Molecular docking suggested that key compounds-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester (stem) and 6β-acetoxy-5-epilimonin (flower)-may contribute to enzyme inhibition, with binding energies of -10.0 and -9.4 kcal/mol, respectively. Overall, these findings suggest that H. capitata, particularly its flowers, represents a promising source of bioactive compounds for further isolation and in vivo validation.
PMID:
42555905
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 06 Aug 2026.
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