Twenty-four-month evaluation of the glycemia risk index in adults with type 1 diabetes using advanced hybrid closed-loop systems.

Authors

Laura Nigi, Leonardo Distefano, Giuseppina Emanuela Grieco, Dorica Cataldo, Francesco Dotta

Published in

Endocrine. Volume 91. Issue 1. Aug 06, 2026. Epub Aug 06, 2026.

Abstract

The Glycemia Risk Index (GRI) is a recently introduced continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived metric that has been evaluated to date in a limited number of studies involving type 1 diabetic adult users of Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop (AHCL) systems.
To further characterize its clinical utility and to investigate its correlations with CGM-derived metrics, particularly Time in Tight Range (TITR), this single-center, observational, retrospective, real-world study assessed GRI in adults with type 1 diabetes using AHCL systems (MiniMed™ 780G, n = 45; Tandem t: slim X2 IQ technology, n = 20) in routine clinical practice, over a 24-month follow-up period.
GRI showed progressive improvement throughout the observation period, consistent with sustained glycemic control. Baseline GRI was positively correlated with glycated hemoglobin and inversely correlated with Time in Tight Range (TITR) at 12 and 24 months.
These findings suggest that GRI may serve as a useful, readily interpretable metric for predicting long-term glycemic outcomes and support its complementary role alongside TITR in clinical assessment.

PMID:
42560625
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 06 Aug 2026.

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