Intellectual disabilities and risk of dementia: A Korean population-based cohort study.

Authors

Yoo Jin Um, In Young Cho, Hye Yeon Koo, Yong-Moon Mark Park, Kyung Mee Kim, Chung Eun Lee, Kyungdo Han

Published in

Journal of intellectual disabilities : JOID. Pages 17446295261476476. Aug 10, 2026. Epub Aug 10, 2026.

Abstract

This retrospective cohort study assessed the risk of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) in individuals with intellectual disabilities compared to those without. Using data from the Korean National Disability Registry and National Health Insurance Service, individuals over 40 who underwent health examinations in 2009 were followed until 2020. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for dementia outcomes, adjusting for confounders. Over a mean 8-year follow-up, 161 dementia, 111 AD, and 22 VaD cases occurred among individuals with intellectual disabilities. Adjusted HRs for all-cause dementia, AD, and VaD were 5.75, 5.23, and 4.66, respectively, compared to those without intellectual disabilities. The risk was especially elevated among those aged 40-64 years (P for interaction <0.01). In conclusion, individuals with intellectual disabilities have a significantly higher risk of dementia, particularly at younger ages, highlighting the need for increased awareness and targeted healthcare strategies.

PMID:
42576197
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 11 Aug 2026.

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