Prevalence and incidence of diabetes in patients with non-functional adrenal tumors.

Authors

Fredrik Sahlander, Ana Carasel, Buster Mannheimer, Jonatan D Lindh, Henrik Falhammar

Published in

European journal of internal medicine. Pages 107122. Aug 11, 2026. Epub Aug 11, 2026.

Abstract

The association between non-functional adrenal tumors (NFAT) and diabetes is unclear.
A nationwide retrospective register study was conducted including patients with NFAT diagnosed 2005-2019 and controls, followed until death or 2019. Individuals with a history of overt adrenal hormonal excess or prior malignancy were excluded. Follow-up started after 3 months of cancer-free survival following the date of the NFAT diagnosis. Sensitivity analyses were performed in subgroups with conditions such as gallbladder, biliary tract, or pancreatic disease or acute appendicitis, and 6-month and 12-month cancer-free survival following the date of the NFAT diagnosis. Study outcomes were prevalence and incidence of diabetes, after adjustment for sex, age and comorbidities.
Among 17,726 cases with NFAT, 10,777 (60.8%) were females, and the median (IQR) age was 65 (57-73) years. Previous diabetes was more prevalent in patients diagnosed with NFAT compared to controls (odds ratio (OR) 2.01 (95% CI 1.93-2.10), adjusted OR 1.84 (95% CI 1.76-1.93)). During the follow-up period (5.3 years, IQR 2.5-8.6) new diabetes was more common in patients with NFAT (hazard ratio (HR) 1.81 95%CI 1.70-1.91, adjusted HR 1.71 95%CI 1.61-1.81). Females <65 years with NFATs had the highest relative risk for diabetes and males ≥65 years with NFATs had the lowest. Adrenalectomy non-significantly decreased the incidence of diabetes (HR 1.39 95%CI 1.05-1.83; adjusted HR 1.55 95%CI 1.15-1.99). The association between NFAT and diabetes remained in most sensitivity analyses.
NFAT was associated with diabetes, especially in younger females, suggesting that glucose should be monitored.

PMID:
42580910
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 12 Aug 2026.

Read full publication at:
Please sign in to see all details.

Stats

1-terrible, 9-excellent. How would you rate this publication? Sign in in to submit your rating.

Post a comment

You need to be signed in to post comments. You can sign in here.

Comments

There are no comments yet.