Co-Administration of Novel Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 and Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine: Current Evidence, Challenges, and Implications for the Polio Eradication Endgame.

Authors

Stéphane-Hans Bateyi Mustafa, Tambwe Patrick Rodrigue, Raha Zihindula Raoul, Bigabwa Baharanyi Dominique

Published in

Infection and drug resistance. Volume 19. Pages 625567. Epub Aug 11, 2026.

Abstract

Global polio eradication is challenged by persistent wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) transmission and outbreaks of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2). The 2016 global withdrawal of the type 2 component from trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) created population immunity gaps, facilitating cVDPV2 emergence in areas with low routine coverage. We conducted a narrative review synthesizing biological, immunological, clinical, epidemiological, and operational evidence on co-administration of novel oral poliovirus vaccine type 2 (nOPV2) with bivalent OPV (bOPV) as a strategy to rapidly expand population immunity during multi-serotype outbreaks. Co-administration provides potential logistical and equity advantages. Emerging randomized trial data, however, reveal significant immunological interference that can reduce type 2 immune responses. The effectiveness of this strategy is therefore context-dependent, with operational feasibility and coverage levels critically influencing outcomes. Co-administration of nOPV2 and bOPV should be applied as a context-specific tactical measure rather than a universal policy. Sustained high vaccination coverage and robust surveillance remain central to achieving global polio eradication.

PMID:
42604350
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 16 Aug 2026.

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