Menstrual and menopausal health: How the two converge and a call for comprehensive menopausal education.

Authors

Janet Michel, Choolwe Jacobs, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Sonja Merten, Djouroukoro Diallo, Kristina Adorjan

Published in

Women's health (London, England). Volume 22. Pages 17455057261476572. Epub Aug 17, 2026.

Abstract

Menstruation and menopause are two natural processes that predominantly affect women. There is little or limited research on women`s health. Puberty when menarche begins and perimenopause/menopause are marked by natural and inevitable physical or bodily changes. Both phases are marked by hormonal changes that lead to physical and emotional changes as well as changes in the reproductive system. Both puberty and perimenopause can be marked by mood swings including irritability, tearfulness, anger, overwhelming happiness or confusion, low self-esteem, frustration and apathy. In many contexts, menstruation and menopause are taboo topics shrouded in stigma, further preventing individuals from talking about it, leading to isolation, loneliness and drop-outs from school, work and social life. Overwhelmed by menopausal symptoms and confusion as to what is happening, many symptomatic women tend to turn down plum assignments or even retire earlier than planned, hurting their salaries and careers. The economic impact from this is estimated at $1.8 billion lost annually. Knowingly or unknowingly, health care systems, societies, employers and workplaces are failing menopausal women. Change is urgently needed. The neglect of Women's Health is not new. We believe this to be one of the biggest missed opportunities in health. Though menstrual health issues have not been fully addressed, we can get inspiration from Comprehensive Sexuality Education. In the same vein, we call for Comprehensive Menopausal Education (CME). We need men, health care workers, employers, women and all genders to unite and advocate for Comprehensive Menopausal Education.

PMID:
42605886
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 17 Aug 2026.

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