Association of Tumour Necrosis Factor-Alpha with Periodontitis Patients in North Indian Population.

Authors

Ruchi Pandey, Sumit Bhateja, Dax Abraham, Puneet Batra, Pradeep Koppolu

Published in

The Nigerian postgraduate medical journal. Volume 33. Issue 5. Pages 630-636. Sep 01, 2026. Epub Aug 17, 2026.

Abstract

Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial disease influenced by genetic susceptibility. Identifying genetic markers may facilitate early detection and improved risk assessment.
To evaluate the association between tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene polymorphisms and periodontitis in a North Indian population.
A total of 364 participants were recruited and divided into two groups: Group A (healthy; n = 182) and Group B (periodontitis; n = 182). Detailed case histories were recorded, and buccal swab samples were collected and stored at 4°C in a sterile medium. Genomic DNA was extracted and analysed using tetraprimer amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing. Allele frequencies were calculated using Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and Chi-square tests (GenAlEx software). Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analyses were performed using SHEsis. Correlation analysis was conducted to assess the association between TNF-α polymorphisms and disease prevalence.
A high frequency of TNF-α polymorphisms was observed in the North Indian population. Linkage analysis revealed that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci -278A/C and -378C/T were significantly associated with both healthy and periodontitis groups compared to other SNPs. The -308G/A polymorphism was not detected in the study population.
TNF-α gene polymorphisms are prevalent in the North Indian population. SNP loci -278A/C and -378C/T demonstrate significant association with periodontal status and may serve as potential genetic markers for susceptibility to periodontitis. Further studies are warranted to validate these findings in larger and diverse populations.

PMID:
42616977
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 20 Aug 2026.

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