Authors
Demet Efe Yavaşoğlu, Andressa V B Nogueira, Mehmet Demirbaş, Timur Köse, Sebahat Kaya, James Deschner, Nurcan Buduneli
Published in
Oral diseases. Aug 20, 2026. Epub Aug 20, 2026.
Abstract
To evaluate salivary apelin levels in individuals with and without type 1 diabetes presenting an intact periodontium and varying degrees of plaque-induced gingival inflammation.
Saliva samples were collected; and whole-mouth clinical periodontal measurements were recorded in type 1 diabetes and systemically healthy participants. Salivary apelin concentrations were determined using ELISA. Data were analysed statistically using the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality of distribution, the Mann-Whitney U test for intergroup differences, and Spearman's rank correlation analysis to assess correlations between clinical and biochemical parameters.
A total of 99 participants; including 59 individuals in the type 1 diabetes group and 40 in the systemically healthy were included. The two groups were similar in terms of age, gender distribution, and smoking status (p > 0.05). The salivary apelin concentration in the diabetic group (4647.13 ± 8584.45 pg/mL) was almost twice that in the systemically healthy group (2704.12 ± 3006.73 pg/mL) without statistically significant difference (0.114). Clinical periodontal measurements were similar between the two groups (p > 0.05). Neither gender nor smoking status had a significant effect on apelin levels (p > 0.05).
Within the limitations of this study, the observed trend toward higher salivary apelin levels in patients with type 1 diabetes may suggest a possible association that requires confirmation in larger cohorts.
PMID:
42625300
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 21 Aug 2026.
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