Promoter variation of COG5 underlies subspecies divergence in rice chilling tolerance.

Authors

Shuangshuang Zheng, Zhitao Li, Yibin Li, Jin Huang, Shuairun Wang, Wei Luo, Guohua Liang, Xiaoyu Guo, Kang Chong

Published in

Cell reports. Volume 45. Issue 9. Pages 117875. Aug 20, 2026. Epub Aug 20, 2026.

Abstract

Chilling stress severely threatens rice productivity. While multiple signaling pathways in chilling tolerance have been elucidated, the role of the Mediator complex in this process remains poorly understood. Here, we identify COG5, a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) gene encoding the Mediator complex subunit Med21, as a positive regulator of chilling tolerance in rice. A promoter variation in COG5 leads to differential expression between japonica and indica. OsDREB6 preferentially binds to and activates COG5^jap rather than COG5^ind, resulting in higher expression in japonica. COG5 interacts with OsbHLH002 and enhances its transcriptional activation activity to promote downstream cold-responsive gene expression. Evolutionary analysis reveals that COG5^jap originated from Chinese wild rice and underwent significant positive selection during japonica domestication. Collectively, our findings reveal that natural variation in COG5 modulates the cold-responsive transcriptional network via Mediator-transcription factor interactions, providing valuable molecular insights and genetic resources for molecular design breeding aimed at improving rice chilling tolerance.

PMID:
42627970
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 22 Aug 2026.

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