Authors
Amanda L Barros, Francisca Lidiane L DE Aguiar, Andréa Maria Neves, Rita Ingrid S Fernandes, Matheus N DA Rocha, Emmanuel S Marinho, Márcia M Marinho, Tigressa Helena S Rodrigues, Raquel O S Fontenelle
Published in
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias. Volume 98. Issue suppl 1. Pages e20250698. Epub Aug 24, 2026.
Abstract
Vitex gardneriana Schauer, known as "Jaramataia", is widely used in folk medicine for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. This study aimed to determine the chemical composition and evaluate the antifungal, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects of the essential oil (EO) from its leaves. The EO was obtained via hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-FID, identifying 16 components, with trans-calamenene (25.31%), 6,9-guaiadiene (18.33%), and caryophyllene oxide (15.14%) as major compounds. Antifungal activity was assessed by broth microdilution, showing a MIC of 5 mg/mL for all strains. A synergistic effect was observed when combined with amphotericin B, reducing the EO's inhibitory concentration by over 30-fold. Antioxidant activity (DPPH method) showed an IC50 of 85.86 mg/mL, while hemolytic assays on human erythrocytes showed an IC50 of 20 mg/mL. Molecular docking revealed a stronger affinity of EO compounds to Sap5 (-7.3 kcal/mol) than Als3 (-6.2 kcal/mol), with some ligands (e.g., 1-epi-cubenol, caryophyllene oxide) binding to different regions than amphotericin B. These findings suggest that V. gardneriana EO has moderate antifungal activity. However, it shows promising potential when combined with conventional antifungal agents and supports future research toward the development of therapeutic formulations.
PMID:
42659526
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 28 Aug 2026.
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