Authors
Magdalena Walicka, Cristina Russo, Antonio Ceriello, Jacob George, Davide Campagna, Anoop Misra, Giusy Rita Maria La Rosa, Roberta Sammut, Riccardo Polosa, DiaSmokeFree Working Group
Published in
Diabetes research and clinical practice. Pages 113528. Aug 28, 2026. Epub Aug 28, 2026.
Abstract
To provide evidence-based recommendations for integrating smoking cessation into the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes (T2D).
A multidisciplinary panel of 35 experts from 13 countries developed recommendations through a structured, multi-stakeholder consensus process, grading evidence according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach where feasible, and reported findings in line with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) framework.
Smoking remains common among people with T2D and is associated with increased cardiovascular, stroke, and macrovascular risk. Smoking cessation substantially reduces this risk. Evidence on pharmacological treatment in T2D is limited; varenicline is the only medication that can be strongly recommended. Intensive, individualized interventions combining pharmacotherapy, behavioral support, and relapse management are more effective than brief interventions, and drug-smoke interactions may require dose adjustments (e.g., for drugs affected by CYP1A2, UGT enzymes, or renal transporters).
Adults with T2D who smoke require integrated, high-intensity cessation support throughout the quitting process to reduce diabetes-related complications and improve long-term health outcomes.
PMID:
42665234
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 29 Aug 2026.
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