Authors
Wei Liu, Ya-Ting Chen, Baiwenrui Tao, Ying Lv, Yan-Xi Zhang, Hui-Ying Ren, Yu-Ting Zhang, Yu-Ping Fan, Meng-Han Li, Ya-Xin Shi, Shi-Yuan Wang, Bing-Wei Chen, Frits van Osch, Maurice P Zeegers, Anke Wesselius, Qi-Rong Qin, Evan Yi-Wen Yu
Published in
MedScience. Aug 29, 2026. Epub Aug 29, 2026.
Abstract
This study used UK Biobank data from ∼500 000 participants to examine how smoking intensity and duration jointly shape the risk of 12 smoking-related cancers. We modeled excess relative risks (ERRs) per pack-year, separating the effect of smoking intensity while holding total pack-years constant to compare low-intensity/long-duration with high-intensity/short-duration patterns. For the same cumulative exposure, cancer risk increases differed across these smoking patterns, indicating that pack-years alone do not fully capture carcinogenic risk. We further evaluated time since cessation (TSC) and found that longer TSC was associated with lower ERR/pack-year for most cancers. Lifestyle factors modified these associations: participants with favorable behaviors (e.g., regular physical activity and healthier diet) generally had lower ERRs/pack-year than those with unfavorable behaviors. Overall, our findings show that smoking pattern and cessation history meaningfully influence pan-cancer risk beyond cumulative exposure, supporting the incorporation of detailed smoking histories-intensity, duration, and cessation-into risk stratification, screening eligibility, and prevention strategies.
PMID:
42667352
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 30 Aug 2026.
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