Macroporous PbI₂ template and dual-mode coordination enable efficient perovskite solar cells.

Authors

Jinming Jiang, Qian Zhang, Zhu Ma, Xiaojiao Xiang, Zetao Du, Zhuo Lv, Bo Chen, Zhengduo Xia, Jixin Nie, Yunmeng He, Chengxin Han, Xialing Sun, Yan Xiang, Cheng Huang, Zedong Lin, Yu Hu, Ding Zheng, Junsheng Yu, Kuan Sun

Published in

Journal of colloid and interface science. Volume 726. Pages 141449. Aug 27, 2026. Epub Aug 27, 2026.

Abstract

Sequential deposition is widely used in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells and perovskite PV modules for its flexibility in composition tuning and film quality control. However, owing to its CdI₂-type layered structure, PbI₂ easily forms dense films, which impede organic cation infiltration and reaction, resulting in poor perovskite film quality. Herein, the dual-modal molecule 4Cl-PA was introduced into the PbI₂ precursor solution. It was found that the unique conformation of the two adjacent amide groups enables dual-mode synergistic coordination to PbI₂, thereby effectively suppressing the tight stacking of PbI₂. Moreover, the Cl atom enhances the molecular dipole moment, facilitating anchoring at polar sites on PbI₂ nuclei, while π-π stacking of the benzene rings improves film moisture resistance. This dual-mode coordination induces a loose PbI₂ template with macroporous structure, optimizes the subsequent reaction with organic cations, and then affords high-quality perovskite films. TRPL measurements showed that the carrier lifetime increased to 161 ns, which indicates improved charge transport and suppressed non-radiative recombination within the perovskite films. As a result, the perovskite solar cells regulated by 4Cl-PA achieved a champion PCE of 22.73% and a J_sc of 25.75 mA cm^-2. This work provides a practical strategy for tailoring the pore structure of PbI₂ films to facilitate complete organic cation infiltration in sequential deposition.

PMID:
42667856
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 30 Aug 2026.

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