Authors
Kavitha Venkatnarayan, Fathima Ayoob, Arun Sasidharan, Rahul Venugopal, Chitra Veluthat, Priya Ramachandran, Uma Devaraj, Uma Maheswari Krishnaswamy
Published in
Sleep medicine. Volume 148. Pages 109244. Aug 29, 2026. Epub Aug 29, 2026.
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are common in patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILD) and are often compounded by comorbid obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Conventional polysomnographic indices may not fully capture disease-specific neurophysiological alterations.
We aimed to characterize EEG-derived sleep microarchitecture in ILD with comorbid OSA (ILD-OSA) and compare it with ILD without OSA and apnea hypopnea index matched non-ILD OSA (n = 20 in each group). Quantitative EEG analysis was performed using standardized preprocessing and data extraction protocols. Spectral power, slow wave and spindle metrics, and a novel measure of micro-continuity (Neuroloop gain), reflecting the brain's propensity to generate and sustain sleep spindles and slow oscillations, were computed and compared across the groups.
Sleep macro and microarchitecture were similar between ILD with and without OSA. However, compared with non-ILD OSA, patients with ILD-OSA exhibited higher spindle amplitude and power, with preserved slow-wave characteristics. Notably, spindle neuroloop gain was significantly reduced in ILD-OSA.
Patients with ILD-OSA demonstrate differences in EEG-derived sleep microarchitecture compared with non-ILD OSA patients, particularly in spindle dynamics. These findings suggest that quantitative EEG may provide additional insights into sleep neurophysiology in ILD that warrant confirmation in larger prospective studies.
PMID:
42669240
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 31 Aug 2026.
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