Patterns and Factors Associated with Intrauterine Pathologies at Hysteroscopy among Women Evaluated for Infertility in a Private Endoscopy Center in Southeast Nigeria: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.

Authors

O M Ogelle, G Olorunfemi, L U Okafor, C I Enechukwu, Ioj Okonkwo, A A Mathias, W N Ogelle, C M Okeke, E C Ogelle, T B Ejikeme, C Okoro, C G Ikpeze, M C Andeh, V C Ani, G U Eleje, I I Mbachu, J O Ugboaja, A O Igwegbe, N C Ngene

Published in

Nigerian journal of clinical practice. Volume 29. Issue 8. Pages 842-851. Aug 01, 2026. Epub Aug 26, 2026.

Abstract

Intrauterine pathologies are common among women with infertility and may negatively impact fertility treatment outcomes if undetected.
To determine the patterns and associated clinical factors of intrauterine pathologies at hysteroscopy in women evaluated for infertility.
A retrospective cross-sectional study of 282 women with infertility was carried out at Blessed Specialist Hospital, Npor, Anambra state a private endoscopy center in Southeast Nigeria over 10 years. Clinical data and hysteroscopic findings were extracted. Statistical associations were analyzed using Chi-square tests with a significance level of P < 0.05.
The mean age of the participants was 34.8 ± 5.2 years. Uterine pathologies were confirmed hysteroscopically in 50.35% (n = 142/282) of the patients. The most frequent intrauterine pathologies identified were intrauterine adhesions (24.47%, n = 69), endometrial polyps (14.18%, n = 40), submucous myomas (12.06%, n = 34), and uterine septa (5.32%, n = 15). Regarding procedures, 22.80% (n = 57/250) of patients with complete surgical logs underwent therapeutic hysteroscopy, while 77.20% (n = 193/282) had diagnostic interventions. Bivariate analysis revealed significant statistical associations between the presence of intrauterine pathologies and both maternal age ≥35 years ( P = 0.012) and uterine enlargement ( P < 0.001).
Intrauterine pathologies affect half of the women evaluated for infertility in this cohort, with intrauterine adhesions being the most prevalent entity. Advanced maternal age and uterine enlargement are strongly associated with these anomalies. Hysteroscopy remains crucial for accurate diagnosis during fertility work-ups.

PMID:
42671438
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 01 Sep 2026.

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