Insights Into Urogenital Tuberculosis: Impact of Microbiological Diagnosis.

Authors

Kiran Bala, Rojaleen Das, Neeta Singla, Amlesh Seth, Urvashi B Singh

Published in

Cureus. Volume 18. Issue 8. Pages e113963. Epub Aug 04, 2026.

Abstract

Many varied presentations of genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB) such as recurrent urinary tract infection, sterile pyuria (pus cells in urine despite a negative routine bacterial culture) with/without haematuria, irritating voiding symptoms, infertility, hydronephrosis and renal failure had been published in the literature. Tuberculous epididymo-orchitis (inflammation of the epididymis and testis) is an underreported and rare form of GUTB. Non-specific symptoms of epididymal tuberculosis (TB) are difficult to differentiate from cysts, tumours and other infections. Bilateral epididymal involvement with testicular lesion increases the suspicion of tubercular aetiology. Tuberculous epididymo-orchitis in late stages may present with non-functioning kidney and thimble bladder (a severely contracted, small-capacity bladder due to chronic inflammation) and infertility. Timely diagnosis and treatment will prevent late sequelae of the disease. Here, we present three cases of GUTB in young males: two cases of isolated tuberculous epididymo-orchitis (cases 1 and 3) and one case of complicated drug-resistant genitourinary tuberculosis (case 2). These rare cases were managed successfully with diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

PMID:
42698400
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 05 Sep 2026.

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