Authors
Abdul Jabbar Khan, Muhammad Sajjad, Yong Che, Ling Gao, Guowei Zhao
Published in
Chemistry, an Asian journal. Volume 21. Issue 17. Pages e70983.
Abstract
MXene quantum dots (MXQDs), produced by downsizing two-dimensional MXenes into zero-dimensional nanostructures, have emerged as promising materials for next-generation supercapacitors owing to their quantum confinement, metallic conductivity, abundant surface terminations, and excellent dispersibility. This review summarizes recent advances in MXQDs with emphasis on the synthesis structure-property-performance relationship governing their electrochemical behavior. Various synthesis strategies, including hydrothermal, microwave-assisted, laser-induced, and acousto-microfluidic methods, are discussed in relation to their effects on size, crystallinity, morphology, and surface chemistry. Advanced characterization techniques, including XRD, Raman, FTIR, TEM/HRTEM, and AFM, are highlighted for elucidating crystal structure, defect states, and surface functional groups. The effects of quantum confinement, heteroatom doping, defect engineering, and surface terminations on charge-transfer kinetics, ion diffusion, and pseudocapacitive behavior are critically examined. Furthermore, recent developments in MXQD-based electrode architectures, including carbon-, hydroxide-, and conducting polymer-based composites, as well as flexible and transparent supercapacitors, are evaluated with respect to their electrochemical performance. Finally, the remaining challenges, including precise control of surface terminations, aggregation, long-term stability, and scalable synthesis, are discussed together with future perspectives for the rational design and practical implementation of high-performance MXQD-based supercapacitors.
PMID:
42698145
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 05 Sep 2026.
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