Correlations between cerebrospinal fluid and plasma levels of GABA, glutamate, dopamine, and related metabolites, and their concentrations across neurological disorders.

Authors

Yuhang Deng, Wenqing Wu, Sumei Han, Haoqin Jiang, Ming Guan

Published in

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry. Pages 121325. Sep 05, 2026. Epub Sep 05, 2026.

Abstract

Neurotransmitters play critical roles in both central and peripheral nervous system function. However, the correlation between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma levels of neurotransmitters remains incompletely understood, limiting the interpretation of peripheral measurements as surrogates for central neurochemical changes. This study aimed to investigate the correlations between CSF and plasma levels of GABA, glutamate, dopamine, and related metabolites, and to explore their expressions across common neurological disorders in a real-world clinical setting.
A total of 181 paired CSF and plasma samples from patients with neurological disorders and 67 plasma samples from healthy controls were analyzed. Concentrations of GABA, betaine, L-DOPA, histamine, glutamine, glutamate, dopamine, and choline were quantified using LC-MS/MS. Correlations between CSF and plasma concentrations were assessed using Pearson correlation analysis. Age- and sex-related effects were evaluated in healthy controls, and differences among disease groups were analyzed after classifying patients into neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), CNS demyelinating diseases (CNS DDs), CNS tumors, and CNS infections.
GABA, histamine, betaine, glutamate, and choline exhibited higher concentrations in plasma than in CSF, whereas glutamine concentrations were higher in CSF. Except for betaine and glutamate, all other neurotransmitters showed statistically significant but weak CSF-plasma correlations (r = 0.15-0.7, p < 0.05). In healthy controls, plasma histamine, betaine, glutamate, and choline levels were higher in males. Plasma GABA levels in all disease groups were consistently lower than controls, and plasma glutamine levels in NDDs, CNS DDs, and CNS tumors were significantly higher than those in controls. By contrast, there were no significant differences in CSF levels among different disease groups, except that glutamate was higher in the CNS tumor group than in the other disease groups.
Most plasma neurotransmitters and their metabolites do not reliably reflect their CSF levels, which may provide important context for interpreting peripheral neurotransmitter biomarkers in CNS diseases.

PMID:
42700882
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 06 Sep 2026.

Read full publication at:
Please sign in to see all details.

Stats

1-terrible, 9-excellent. How would you rate this publication? Sign in in to submit your rating.

Post a comment

You need to be signed in to post comments. You can sign in here.

Comments

There are no comments yet.