Microfluidics in heart-on-a-Chip platforms for cardiovascular drug discovery and cardiotoxicity assessment.

Authors

Caner Dikyol, Alaa Alsaafin, David F Bodenstein, Garrett F Beeghly, Anna Popovic, Richard Jiang, Milica Radisic

Published in

Advanced drug delivery reviews. Pages 115972. Sep 05, 2026. Epub Sep 05, 2026.

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. However, the limited translational fidelity of traditional preclinical models continues to constrain the development of safer and more effective therapies. Animal studies and static two-dimensional cultures only partially reproduce human cardiac physiology, including mechanical loading, perfusion, multicellular interactions, and drug metabolism, which contribute to late-stage failure and unexpected cardiotoxicity. Accordingly, there is a growing need for human-relevant platforms that can more accurately model cardiac (patho)physiology, support drug discovery, and improve safety assessment. Microfluidic heart-on-a-chip (HoC) systems address this need by combining microfabrication, tissue engineering, and controlled fluid flow to generate miniaturized cardiac tissues with physiologically relevant biochemical, mechanical, and electrical cues. These platforms can provide real-time functional readouts, including contractility, electrophysiology, calcium handling, metabolic activity, and biomarker release, while also enabling the study of disease-relevant phenotypes such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, arrhythmias, fibrosis, and cardiomyopathy. In addition, HoC systems are increasingly being integrated with biosensors, automation, and multi-organ configurations to capture drug metabolism and inter-organ crosstalk, further improving their predictive value for efficacy and toxicity screening. In this review, we summarize the core design elements of microfluidic HoC platforms, highlight their applications in cardiovascular drug discovery and cardiotoxicity assessment, and discuss current challenges and future directions for the field.

PMID:
42700845
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 06 Sep 2026.

Read full publication at:
Please sign in to see all details.

Stats

1-terrible, 9-excellent. How would you rate this publication? Sign in in to submit your rating.

Post a comment

You need to be signed in to post comments. You can sign in here.

Comments

There are no comments yet.