Advances in mosquito gut microbiota: Mechanisms of regulating pathogen transmission and applications in vector control.

Authors

Boyan Zhao, Lifei Yu, Jinglin Wang, Xueshan Xia

Published in

Virulence. Volume 17. Issue 1. Pages 2723655. Epub Sep 09, 2026.

Abstract

Mosquito-borne diseases pose a threat to global public health, yet traditional control measures are constrained by insecticide resistance and vaccine development bottlenecks. The gut microbiota-mediated transmission-blocking strategy has emerged as a promising alternative. This review summarizes three symbiont mechanisms: direct pathogen inhibition, host immunomodulation, and metabolic niche competition. We highlight research progress and field efficacy of three technical routes: Wolbachia-based population replacement and suppression, paratransgenesis using engineered symbionts, and deployment of natural probiotics. In large-scale field trials, this strategy achieved a 77.1% reduction in dengue incidence and an 86.2% reduction in dengue-related hospitalizations. We analyze constraints including temperature sensitivity, viral evolutionary escape, and ecological safety risks, and propose future directions emphasizing multi-strategy synergy, multi-effector engineered symbionts, and artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted precision interventions. Aligned with the One Health framework, this microbiota-based paradigm offers a foundation for sustainable mosquito-borne disease control, although large-scale implementation depends on resolving regulatory, ecological-safety, and scalability challenges.

PMID:
42717435
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 10 Sep 2026.

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