Serotyping and Seroprevalence Estimation of Pasteurellosis in Ovine and Caprine in Selected Districts of Afar Region, Ethiopia.

Authors

Teshager Dubie, Biniam Abera, Muhammed Hamid, Tesfaw Molla, Gizachew Fentahun, Fanuel Bizuayehu Yihunie, Wossene Negash, Sadam Mohammed, Bereket Desalegn

Published in

Veterinary medicine and science. Volume 12. Issue 5. Pages e71178.

Abstract

Despite a widespread periodic vaccination with inactivated Pasteurella multocida biotype A is usually practiced, pasteurellosis is among the most prioritized infectious diseases of small ruminant that causes huge economical loss through reduced productivity and death.
A cross-sectional study was conducted with the objective of serotype identification and seroprevalence estimation of ovine and caprine pasteurellosis in selected districts of Afar region, Ethiopia, from December 2021 to June 2023. A total of 293 serum samples were collected using multistage sampling approach. Based on the selection of the study districts, individual animals were randomly selected for sample collection from apparently healthy sheep and goats. The samples were analyzed using the indirect haemagglutination test (IHAT) for serotyping and overall seroprevalence estimation. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-square (χ²) test were employed to estimate the seroprevalence and assess the associated factors of ovine and caprine pasteurellosis in the study areas.
In the present study, the estimated overall seroprevalence of pasteurellosis in small ruminant was found to be 97.61% (n = 286/293; 95% CI: 95-100), of which 98.11% of the sheep (156/159) and 97.01% (130/134) of the goats tested positive for Pasteurella infection. Moreover, four serotypes of Pasteurella (A1, A2, A7 of Pasteurella haemolytica and serotype A of Pasteurella multocida) were serotyped, and 89.16% of the seropositive animals had co-infection with more than three serotypes. Accordingly, M. haemolytica serotype A7 (97.27%) had the highest prevalent circulating serotypes of Pasteurella in the study areas, followed by M. haemolytica serotype A1 (95.22%), P. multocida serotype A (92.83%), and M. haemolytica serotype A2 (91.47%). There was a statistically significant difference across sex (p = 0.014) of the study animals with the occurrence of the ovine and caprine pasteurellosis in serum samples.
The present study revealed that ovine and caprine pasteurellosis is highly prevalent in small ruminants and circulating in the study areas. The diversity of serotypes observed here would indicate that currently available vaccines are unlikely to provide adequate protection against pasteurellosis. Therefore, developing a multivalent vaccine that protects against multiple Pasteurella serotypes in a single dose is highly recommended.
Clinical trial registration was not required because the present study was a cross-sectional observational study and did not involve any clinical intervention or experimental treatment.

PMID:
42722446
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 11 Sep 2026.

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