Elaeagnus angustifolia fruit crude polysaccharides alleviate acute alcohol-induced gastric mucosal and liver injuries in mice via regulating the NF-κB pathway.

Authors

Jinfeng Li, Qi Yan, Meili Cong, Yan Chen, Yuhan Yao, Jun Zhao, Tao Liu

Published in

International journal of biological macromolecules. Pages 154484. Sep 12, 2026. Epub Sep 12, 2026.

Abstract

Elaeagnus angustifolia fruit has the efficacies of drying dampness and stopping diarrhea, tonifying the stomach, and strengthening the body, clinically used for diarrhea, dysentery, stomach deficiency, liver deficiency, and other diseases.
Polysaccharides are the main medicinal composition of E. angustifolia fruit, and this study aimed to investigate the protective activities of crude polysaccharides from E. angustifolia (CEAPs) on acute alcoholic gastric mucosal injury (AAGI) or acute alcoholic liver injury (AALI) in mice.
CEAPs with polysaccharide content of 58.06% were prepared using the water extraction and alcohol precipitation method. The gastroprotective and hepatoprotective activities of CEAPs were evaluated using the mouse model with AAGI and AALI. Histopathology evaluation of gastric or liver tissues was performed using HE staining. The levels of cytokines and inflammatory mediators in the plasma or tissues in mice were tested using ELISA kits or biochemical methods; western blot analysis was employed to detect the expression of NF-κB pathway-related proteins.
CEAPs (240, 480 mg/kg) could significantly decrease gastric index (GI) and gastric ulcer index (UI) in AAGI mice as well as serum myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and nitric oxide (NO) level (P < 0.05). The gastric tissue glutathione (GSH) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in AAGI mice were significantly elevated as well as the serum prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) level (P < 0.05); while gastric tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). In liver protection experiments, the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities and total bilirubin (T-Bil) level in AALI mice were significantly decreased by CEAPs (240, 480 mg/kg) as well as liver tissue MDA, NO, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels (P < 0.05). CEAPs (240, 480 mg/kg) could significantly increase the liver tissue GSH level, SOD, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities in AALI mice as well as the serum albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP) levels (P < 0.05). Histopathological observation revealed that CEAPs (240, 480 mg/kg) could improve the gastric mucosal injury and liver injury caused by alcohol. Moreover, in comparison with the model group, CEAPs (240, 480 mg/kg) could markedly attenuate the gastric tissue IKKβ, p-IκBα/IκBα, and p-NF-κBp65/NF-κBp65 expressions in AAGI or AALI mice (P < 0.05).
CEAPs exerted pronounced ameliorative effects against AAGI and AALI in mice, and their mechanisms may be correlated with antioxidation and the modulation of the NF-κB pathway. The results have confirmed the traditional medicinal efficacy of E. angustifolia fruit, and at the same time have provided a basis for the in-depth development of this forest fruit resource.

PMID:
42731793
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 13 Sep 2026.

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