Analysis of Eye Movements Using 3-Dimensional Video-oculography in Response to Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation.

Authors

Yosuke Okinaka, Makoto Hashimoto, Junko Tsuda, Yosuke Takemoto, Youhei Yamamoto, Shogo Nishimura, Tatsuya Masaki, Mei Sakamoto, Kazuma Sugahara

Published in

The journal of international advanced otology. Volume 22. Issue 4. Pages 1-7. Aug 26, 2026. Epub Aug 26, 2026.

Abstract

Quantitative assessment of vestibular nerve activity has been difficult with conventional electrophysiological techniques. This study aimed to develop a novel method combining galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) with 3-dimensional video-oculography (3D-VOG) to evaluate vestibular function noninvasively.
Eye movements were recorded from healthy individuals using a high-resolution infrared VOG system (yVOG, Yamaguchi University). Bipolar GVS was applied bilaterally over the mastoid processes with various current intensities (0.5-2.0 mA) and polarities. Horizontal, vertical, and torsional eye-movement components were extracted and analyzed in relation to stimulus parameters.
Torsional nystagmus amplitude and slow-phase velocity increased proportionally with stimulus intensity and reversed with polarity. Healthy participants exhibited symmetric responses. The induced eye-movement responses showed reproducible polarity- and intensity-dependent characteristics.
This study demonstrates that GVS-VOG provides a direct, reproducible, and noninvasive means of evaluating vestibular nerve function through eye movement analysis. The method may complement existing vestibular function tests in future clinical applications. Galvanic vestibular stimulation-video-oculography also offers utility in both research and clinical settings by linking physiological mechanisms with observable oculomotor responses. This approach holds promise as a diagnostic tool for vestibular disorders, especially when conventional tests yield inconclusive results.

PMID:
42732634
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 14 Sep 2026.

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