Effect of photodynamic therapy on nonsurgical treatment of peri-implant diseases: an umbrella review.

Authors

Mariana Anselmo Assunção, Filipa Passos Sousa, Leonor Assunção Marinho, João Botelho, Marc Quirynen, Nuno Taveira, Ricardo Castro Alves

Published in

Journal of dentistry. Pages 107049. Sep 13, 2026. Epub Sep 13, 2026.

Abstract

This umbrella review aimed to summarise the available evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct to non-surgical peri-implant therapy in the management of peri-implant diseases.
A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, CENTRAL (Cochrane), and LILACS up to August 2025, without restrictions on language or publication date. Grey literature sources were also screened.
Systematic reviews, with or without meta-analysis, evaluating PDT as an adjunctive therapy in human studies of peri-implant diseases were included. Study selection and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. Methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool. Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) was applied to evaluate the strength of the available evidence and support its clinical interpretation.
A total of 30 systematic reviews were included from 198 identified records. Most reviews assessed PDT combined with mechanical debridement and reported improvements in inflammatory parameters, including probing depth, bleeding on probing, and plaque index, particularly in the short to medium term. Antimicrobial effects against peri-implant pathogens were also observed. However, heterogeneity and low methodological quality limit the certainty of evidence, despite potential short-term benefits. SORT analysis revealed a level of evidence of B-C.
Adjunctive photodynamic therapy may provide additional short-term clinical and antimicrobial benefits when used alongside non-surgical peri-implant treatment. However, due to heterogeneity and the low methodological quality of existing evidence, its routine clinical application should be interpreted with caution, reinforcing the need for standardised protocols and well-designed randomised controlled trials.

PMID:
42732871
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 14 Sep 2026.

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