Influence of osteoporosis on tissue repair promoted by different dental materials: an in vivo study in a rat model.

Authors

Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, Antônio Carlos Medina Junior, Mariza Akemi Matsumoto, Roberta Okamoto, João Pedro Gasparin Tadano, João Vitor Oliveira de Amorim, Marco Antônio Húngaro Duarte, Murilo Priori Alcalde, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan

Published in

Restorative dentistry & endodontics. Sep 18, 2026. Epub Sep 18, 2026.

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a prevalent metabolic disorder, and its impact on the biological response to dental materials is not fully understood. This study evaluated whether osteoporosis affects tissue repair promoted by MTA-Angelus (MTA) and an epoxy resin-based sealer containing calcium hydroxide (ER-Ca) after implantation in rat dental sockets. The null hypothesis was that osteoporosis would not impair alveolar tissue repair or bone formation.
Seventy-two female rats were assigned to ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated (SHAM) groups (n = 36). After osteoporosis confirmation, right upper incisors were extracted, and polyethylene tubes containing MTA, ER-Ca, or left empty (control) were implanted in the sockets for 30 and 60 days (n = 6/group). Histology quantified inflammatory cells (ICs), fibroblasts (FBs), capsule thickness, and bone formation. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (p < 0.05).
At 30 days, the material groups showed high IC counts (50-75 and >75 cells/field), whereas the control groups exhibited lower inflammatory scores. By 60 days, ICs decreased, FB counts increased (25-50 and 50-75 cells/field), and connective tissue thickness reduced. The OVX groups exhibited higher IC counts than SHAM at both time points (p < 0.05). MTA and ER-Ca showed comparable repair patterns. Bone formation occurred in SHAM groups treated with MTA and ER-Ca at 30 days (62.3 and 63.4 μm), and in all treated groups at 60 days, except controls.
Osteoporosis delays inflammation resolution and new bone formation during alveolar healing. However, MTA and ER-Ca demonstrate favorable biocompatibility, supporting their clinical use in osteoporotic conditions. Further research should focus on optimizing materials and adjuvant therapies to enhance bone regeneration under compromised conditions.

PMID:
42754266
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 18 Sep 2026.

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