Pathological significance and clinical features of myelolipomas in dogs and cats: A retrospective study of 2697 cases.

Authors

Tatiane Terumi Negrão Watanabe, Melissa M Popielarczyk, Terry G Taylor, Lavun R Franko, Alexandra K Ford, Adriana Villaseñor, Lauren W Stranahan, Emily J Brinker, Peres R Badial, Rachel L A L T Neto, Brianne Taylor, Valerie McElliott, Sunil More, Amanda L Blubaugh, Daniel R Rissi, Erin A Graham, Alexis Berrocal, Francisco R Carvallo-Chaigneau, Sai S Narayanan, Shelley J Newman, Luke Haydock, Valery Scharf, Maria Eduarda de Souza Texeira Camposa, Daniel Felipe Barrantes Murillo

Published in

Veterinary pathology. Pages 3009858261480636. Sep 17, 2026. Epub Sep 17, 2026.

Abstract

Myelolipomas are benign proliferations of well-differentiated adipose and hematopoietic tissue. Myelolipomas are reported to arise in the spleen, liver, and adrenal gland. Splenic myelolipomas rarely result in hemoabdomen or splenic rupture. In dogs and cats, no reports associate the formation of hematomas with splenic myelolipomas. The few published cases of myelolipoma have precluded the determination of breed and sex predisposition. A total of 2697 cases of myelolipomas were retrieved, comprising 96.3% (2596/2697) dogs and 3.7% (101/2697) cats. In dogs, splenic hematoma arising from myelolipoma was reported in 39.8% of the cases (1017/2554) and was a significant risk factor for both hemoabdomen (11.8% vs 2.0%; odds ratio [OR], 6.138; P < 0.001) and splenic rupture (13.9% vs 3.5%; OR, 3.898; P < 0.001). In cats, splenic hematoma, hemoabdomen, and splenic rupture caused by myelolipomas were infrequent, and half of the hepatic myelolipomas arose within peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernias (PPDH). In dogs, Labrador retrievers were the most affected breed (13.6%; 354/2596), and the mean age at the time of diagnosis was 11.4 years (range 1-18 years). The mean mass diameter was 7.4 cm (range 0.2-35 cm). The spleen (98.2%; 2550/2596) and adrenal gland (1.3%; 35/2596) were the most common locations. In cats, 53.5% (54/101) were domestic shorthairs, with a mean age of 11.1 years (range 1-18 years). The mean mass size was 2.4 cm in diameter (range 0.2-9 cm). The spleen (85.1%; 86/101) and liver (13.9%; 14/101) were the most common locations.

PMID:
42755222
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 18 Sep 2026.

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