Authors
Haiyu Su, Daiju Tao, Jia Teng, Li Zhang, Ying Shen, Renhua Yang, Jiarui Yang, Rongji Sun, Zhiqiang Shen, Peng Chen, Bo He
Published in
Non-coding RNA. Volume 12. Issue 5. Aug 24, 2026. Epub Aug 24, 2026.
Abstract
Background: Cerebrovascular diseases have complex pathogenesis and pose a serious threat to human health; thus, novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are needed. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), commonly referred to as exosomes, are 30-150 nm lipid-bilayer vesicles that shield long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) from degradation. Because exosomal lncRNAs are more stable than free lncRNAs in blood and cerebrospinal fluid and can cross the blood-brain barrier, they are promising as biomarkers and therapeutic vectors. This review summarizes the roles and mechanisms of exosomal lncRNAs in cerebrovascular diseases. Methods: This narrative review is based on the experimental literature and focuses on the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of exosomal lncRNAs in cerebrovascular disorders. Results: As competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), they sequester microRNAs (miRNAs), thereby derepressing downstream target-gene expression and modulating neuronal injury (oxidative stress, apoptosis, neuroinflammation) through the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathways. They show altered profiles in acute stroke (ischemic/hemorrhagic) correlated with neurological deficits, and are relevant to the early diagnosis of chronic diseases (atherosclerosis, aneurysm) and vascular dementia. Conclusions: Exosomal lncRNAs demonstrate promising translational potential in preclinical studies because they combine exosome delivery capabilities with lncRNA regulatory functions, although clinical validation remains limited.
PMID:
42776738
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 24 Sep 2026.
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