[Physiological pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy: state of the art].

Authors

Gabriele Dell'Era, Andrea Andriani, Andrea Angeletti, Giovanni Coluccia, Giovanni Donnici, Lina Marcantoni, Mario Volpicelli, Sakis Themistoclakis, Silvia Priori, Antonio D'Onofrio, Matteo Ziacchi, Antonio Rossillo, Giuseppe Coppola, Silvana De Bonis, Claudia Amellone, Pier Luigi Pellegrino, Roberto De Ponti, Matteo Bertini, a nome dell’Associazione Italiana di Aritmologia e Cardiostimolazione (AIAC)

Published in

Giornale italiano di cardiologia (2006). Volume 27. Issue 10. Pages 703-713.

Abstract

Permanent cardiac pacing has progressively evolved toward increasingly physiological strategies aimed at preserving or restoring ventricular electromechanical synchrony. Cardiac resynchronization therapy using biventricular pacing remains the established standard of care for patients with heart failure, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and electrical dyssynchrony, particularly in the presence of left bundle branch block. However, anatomical constraints, suboptimal clinical and echocardiographic response, and procedural complexity have promoted the development of conduction system pacing. His bundle pacing and, more recently, left bundle branch area pacing directly recruit the His-Purkinje system and may provide faster and more physiological ventricular activation. This narrative review summarizes current indications, technical aspects, the most relevant clinical evidence in bradyarrhythmias and heart failure, and the evolution of dedicated tools and leads. Available data support conduction system pacing over conventional right ventricular pacing in patients with a high expected pacing burden, with potential benefits in terms of ventricular function and heart failure events. By contrast, its role as an alternative to conventional biventricular resynchronization remains debated.

PMID:
42788300
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 25 Sep 2026.

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