Targeting extracellular vesicle-mediated tumor-immune symbiosis: From molecular mechanisms to translational implications.

Authors

Jinpeng Wang, Zhigao Xiang, Kai Shu, Hongtao Zhu, Junwen Wang

Published in

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Reviews on cancer. Pages 189725. Sep 25, 2026. Epub Sep 25, 2026.

Abstract

Symbiotic interactions between tumor cells and immune cells are key drivers of tumor progression and treatment resistance. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key mediators of intercellular crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that EVs play a significant role in regulating tumor-immune symbiosis. Tumor cell-derived EVs can modulate the function of various immune cells within the microenvironment, mediating immune suppression and promoting tumor growth. Correspondingly, immune cells also produce EVs that promote malignant phenotypes in tumor cells, such as proliferation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and treatment resistance. Targeting EV-mediated tumor-immune symbiosis has emerged as a promising strategy in cancer therapy. In this review, we introduce the biogenesis and heterogeneity of EVs, highlighting the bidirectional pro-tumoral crosstalk between tumor cells and immune cells. Furthermore, we summarize current therapeutic strategies targeting EVs to break tumor-immune symbiosis and offer perspectives on future directions in this advancing field.

PMID:
42790682
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 26 Sep 2026.

Read full publication at:
Please sign in to see all details.

Stats

1-terrible, 9-excellent. How would you rate this publication? Sign in in to submit your rating.

Post a comment

You need to be signed in to post comments. You can sign in here.

Comments

There are no comments yet.