Neuroepigenetics of the Environmental Exposome: Molecular and Clinical Implications in Neurodegeneration.

Authors

Elizabeth Avendaño-Arango, Isabella Salom-Palacio, Edgard Eliud Castillo-Támara, Belkis Palacio-Villalba

Published in

The neurologist. Sep 28, 2026. Epub Sep 28, 2026.

Abstract

Neuroepigenetics studies the molecular mechanisms that regulate gene expression in the nervous system without altering the DNA sequence. The environmental exposome has emerged as a key factor influencing neuronal plasticity and brain homeostasis, contributing to vulnerability to neurodegeneration.
This narrative review analyzes the role of neuroepigenetic reprogramming as a central mechanism linking chronic environmental exposures with neurodegenerative diseases. Evidence indicates that alterations in DNA methylation, histone remodeling, and microRNA regulation contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and chronic neuroinflammation. These mechanisms are critically involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
Neuroepigenetics represents a central mechanistic axis in neurodegeneration by integrating environmental exposures with intrinsic biological processes. This framework offers new opportunities for the development of early biomarkers and targeted preventive and therapeutic strategies.

PMID:
42804712
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 29 Sep 2026.

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