Authors
Hannah Van Hove, Jonathan Bastos, Daliya Kancheva, Mónica Vara-Pérez, Marie-France Dorion, Frederike Westermann, Can Ulutekin, Hadis Shakeri, Leen Ali, Ayla Line Lievens, Maud Mayoux, Nele Sterczyk, Francesca Biscu, Laura Meysman, Isabelle Scheyltjens, Karen De Vlaminck, Ana Rita Pombo Antunes, Wiebke Mildenberger, Lukas Amann, Diego Gomez-Nicola, Ilse Smolders, Sonia Tugues, Florent Ginhoux, Marco Prinz, Charlotte L Scott, Burkhard Becher, Jo A Van Ginderachter, Melanie Greter, Kiavash Movahedi
Published in
Immunity. Sep 29, 2026. Epub Sep 29, 2026.
Abstract
Circumventricular organs (CVOs) are small brain regions lacking a blood-brain barrier, giving neurons direct access to blood-borne signals, yet how these microenvironments shape the origin and phenotype of local macrophages remains unclear. Using multi-omics, we characterized the immune landscape of two CVOs, the area postrema (AP) and median eminence (ME), revealing brain-border-like environments with a unique macrophage compartment. CVO microglia showed a distinct, heterogeneous phenotype, including a CLEC7Ahigh myelin-associated subset in the ME, shaped by ageing and metabolism. CVO microglia were ontogenically diverse: fetal monocytes entered the CVOs perinatally and generated long-lived monocyte-derived microglia that fully adopted a yolk-sac-derived microglia identity. After depletion, CVO microglia were repopulated by local Sall1high cells but also by monocytes in the AP. Similarly, perivascular CVO border-associated macrophages displayed a distinct phenotype and origin. Our findings establish CVOs as specialized immune niches that shape local macrophages, reflecting the immune and metabolic demands of these environments.
PMID:
42810333
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 30 Sep 2026.
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