All-perovskite triple-junction solar cells for space: in operando response to proton irradiation.

Authors

Sercan Ozen, Kevin J Prince, Yeonghun Yun, Bor Li, Şeyma Kerküklü, Dilara Karabulut, Alina Dittwald, Jürgen Bundesmann, Andrea Denker, Dieter Neher, Steve Albrecht, Felix Lang

Published in

Materials horizons. Oct 05, 2026. Epub Oct 05, 2026.

Abstract

Monolithic all-perovskite triple-junction solar cells (3J-PSCs) promise the highest power-to-weight ratios, making them attractive candidates for space photovoltaics. Their stability under high-energy particle irradiation concurrent with illumination is, however, a crucial consideration for space photovoltaic applications. Here, we investigate for the first time 3J-PSCs under high-energy (68 MeV) proton irradiation using complementary in situ and in operando measurements in the dark and under AM0 illumination, respectively. In situ dark current density-voltage (J-V) evolution reveals no pronounced cumulative degradation under proton irradiation, with the PCE remaining factor, R(PCE), remaining above 0.99 at a fluence of 1 × 10¹³ p⁺ cm^-2. At the same time, stable radiation-induced current and voltage are observed, consistent with radiation-induced charge-carrier generation through ionizing energy loss. Under simultaneous AM0 illumination, both proton-irradiated and non-irradiated devices exhibit closely similar performance evolution, with stable open-circuit voltage (V_OC) and short-circuit current density (J_SC) alongside a gradual fill factor (FF) reduction, reaching comparable final R(PCE) values of approximately 0.87. This indicates that no pronounced additional proton-induced performance loss is resolved under the investigated conditions. Intensity-dependent photoluminescence quantum yield (iPLQY) measurements show that the quasi-Fermi level splitting (QFLS) of the individual subcells remains unchanged and pseudo-J-V (pJ-V) analysis further confirms preserved absorber-level performance potential after irradiation. Together, our experiments reveal a high tolerance of 3J-PSCs to radiation-induced degradation both in the dark and under simultaneous AM0 illumination, showing higher remaining performance than the III-V 3J solar cells under comparable proton energy and fluence, while also highlighting operational instabilities of today's 3J PSCs under continuous AM0 illumination.

PMID:
42831549
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 05 Oct 2026.

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