Implementation of guideline-directed cardioprotective therapy in patients living with type 2 diabetes in outpatient cardiology ambulatory setting: the Italian CardioMET registry.

Authors

Paola Gargiulo, Federica Marzano, Laura Liccardi, Savina Nodari, Matteo Cameli, Francesco Giallauria, Federico Guerra, Egidio Imbalzano, Gianfranco Sinagra, Stefano Carugo, Carmine Pizzi, Francesco Cipollone, Francesco Grigioni, Saverio Muscoli, Alberto Polimeni, Pasquale Perrone Filardi, CardioMET investigators

Published in

European journal of internal medicine. Pages 107183. Oct 05, 2026. Epub Oct 05, 2026.

Abstract

To assess the implementation of guideline-directed glucose-lowering therapies with proven cardiovascular (CV) benefit in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) attending Italian outpatient cardiology clinics.
CardioMET is a multicenter, real-world registry including 2527 consecutive patients with T2DM enrolled between January 2022 and December 2025. Clinical characteristics, CV risk profile, and prescription rates of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of non-prescription.
Overall, 70.7% of patients had established atherosclerotic CV disease (ASCVD), while 86.1% of those without ASCVD were classified at high or very high CV risk. Heart failure (HF) was present in 48.9% of patients with available data. SGLT2i were prescribed in 42.2% and GLP-1 RA in 27.7% of patients, whereas 14.8% received combination therapy. SGLT2i use was higher in patients with ASCVD than in high/very high CV risk no ASCVD patients (45.0%vs. 34.9%; p < 0.001) and in patients with HF, whereas no differences between groups in prescription rates of GLP-1 RA were observed. Prescription of both drug classes significantly increased after publication of 2023 ESC Guidelines (SGLT2i: 54.7% vs. 35.0%; GLP-1 RA: 48.4% vs. 15.8%; both p < 0.001). Older age, female sex (for SGLT2i), and absence of established ASCVD independently predicted non-prescription.
Implementation of cardioprotective glucose-lowering therapies remains suboptimal in Italian outpatient cardiology practice, underscoring the need for a multidisciplinary approach integrating recommendations from CV, T2DM, and kidney guidelines to optimize implementation of therapy in patients with T2DM.

PMID:
42833986
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 06 Oct 2026.

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