Authors
Koki Kosami, Tsuyoshi Hamaguchi, Hitaru Kishida, Masanari Kuwabara, Katsuya Satoh, Tetsuyuki Kitamoto, Masahito Yamda, Hidehiro Mizusawa, Ryusuke Ae
Published in
Journal of the neurological sciences. Volume 491. Pages 126197. Oct 01, 2026. Epub Oct 01, 2026.
Abstract
Although probable sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) can be diagnosed without prion protein gene (PRNP) testing, some patients with genetic prion disease may meet the diagnostic criteria for sporadic CJD. We aimed to assess the potential for such misclassification in the absence of genetic information.
We analyzed data from the nationwide prospective registry of prion diseases in Japan. For patients diagnosed with probable sporadic CJD, clinical characteristics were compared according to whether PRNP testing had been performed. In addition, patients with genetic prion diseases were reclassified to evaluate potential misclassification as sporadic CJD.
A total of 3008 patients with sporadic CJD and 1143 with genetic prion diseases were analyzed. Tested and Not-Tested groups differed in age at onset (difference, -1 year; 95% CI, -3 to -1) and CSF RT-QuIC positivity (difference, 8.2%; 95% CI, 3.4 to 13.2). The median survival time was 11.9 months for the Tested group and 9.8 months for the Not-Tested group. The proportions of misclassification after reclassification of patients with genetic prion diseases (95% CI) were 82.9% (75.5, 88.5) for E200K, 24.1% (20.9, 27.6) for V180I, 72.7% (64.6, 79.6) for M232R, 12.3% (8.1, 18.2) for P102L, 0% (0, 13.8) for P105L, and 10% (1.8, 40.4) for D178N.
A substantial proportion of patients with genetic prion disease may meet the clinical diagnostic criteria for sporadic CJD. Opportunities for PRNP testing may be limited in patients with rapidly progressive disease.
PMID:
42833012
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 06 Oct 2026.
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