Association between diabetes mellitus and short-term outcomes after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumor: Evidence from the Taiwan Pituitary Tumor Registry 2009-2019.

Authors

Yi-Hsien Kuo, Ying-Yun Chen, Kuan-Hao Fu, Chia-Hsien Yang, Pin-Yuan Chen, Jiun-Lin Yan

Published in

Endocrine. Volume 91. Issue 1. Oct 06, 2026. Epub Oct 06, 2026.

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) may affect postoperative recovery, but evidence in pituitary tumor surgery remains limited. We investigated the association between DM and short-term outcomes after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumors.
We retrospectively analyzed adults in the Taiwan Pituitary Tumor Registry who underwent transsphenoidal surgery for benign pituitary tumors between 2009 and 2019. Patients were categorized into DM and non-DM groups. Associations between DM, prolonged length of hospital stays (LOS), 14-day readmission rate, and complications were determined using regression analyses. Tumor-type stratified analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting glucose, and random glucose were also performed.
Data of 970 patients were analyzed, of whom 144 (15%) had DM. DM was not significantly associated with prolonged LOS or 14-day readmission, but was significantly associated with higher odds of CSF leak (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-9.51, p = 0.023) and antibiotic use for ≥ 7 days (aOR = 5.41, 95% CI: 1.13-25.87, p = 0.034) in age-adjusted analysis. In the non-functioning tumor subgroup, the association with antibiotic use for ≥ 7 days persisted (aOR 7.37, 95% CI 1.46-37.12), whereas the association with CSF leak was not statistically significant. Among patients with DM and non-functioning tumors, glycemic markers showed apparent discrimination for postoperative infection and CSF leak, with area under the curve values ranging from 0.83 to 0.93.
DM was associated with selected short-term complications after transsphenoidal surgery, particularly CSF leak and prolonged antibiotic use. These exploratory findings require confirmation in larger prospective studies with comprehensive surgical data.

PMID:
42836901
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 07 Oct 2026.

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