Balancing Crystallization Kinetics and Lattice Strain Enables Thermally Stable Slot-Die-Coated Narrow-Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells.

Authors

Xiaojing Ci, Altantulga Buyan-Arivjikh, Xiongzhuo Jiang, Simon A Wegener, Christoph G Lindenmeir, Lixing Li, Thomas Baier, Matthias Schwartzkopf, Sarathlal Koyiloth Vayalil, Kun Sun, Peter Müller-Buschbaum

Published in

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany). Pages e78178. Oct 06, 2026. Epub Oct 06, 2026.

Abstract

Unbalanced crystallization kinetics in mixed Sn-Pb perovskite cause film heterogeneity and high defect densities, thereby constraining overall performance and stability, particularly under scalable processing conditions. Here, we investigate nanocrystal-mediated crystallization regulation in ambient-processed, slot-die-coated narrow-bandgap Sn-Pb perovskites by combining CsPbI₃ nanocrystal-assisted processing with time-resolved in situ grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS). After nine ISOS-T-3 thermal cycles, the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) fabricated from seeded perovskite films retain 80% of their initial efficiency at 25°C. Operando GIWAXS reveals differences in lattice evolution, residual PbI₂ formation, and microstrain accumulation between the control and nanocrystal-assisted films. By linking scalable processing and crystallization kinetics to the subsequent lattice response under thermal cycling, this work establishes a processing, crystallization, structure, stability relationship for narrow-bandgap Sn-Pb perovskites and highlights the importance of controlling early-stage film formation for thermally robust, scalable perovskite photovoltaics.

PMID:
42839594
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 07 Oct 2026.

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