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Family functioning and psychological well-being in Chinese early adolescents: a three-wave study of future-oriented coping and gender differences.

Created on 07 Oct 2026

Authors

Qiangqiang Ma, Qianwen He, Xinhui Li, Hongyu Zhou

Published in

Frontiers in psychology. Volume 17. Pages 1945147. Epub Sep 22, 2026.

Abstract

Adolescent psychological well-being has been linked to family functioning, yet the longitudinal processes underlying this association remain insufficiently understood. This study examined whether future-oriented coping mediates the prospective association between family functioning and psychological well-being and whether this indirect association varies by gender.
A three-wave longitudinal study was conducted among 1,500 early adolescents from eight public secondary schools in Changchun, China. Family functioning was assessed at time 1, future-oriented coping at time 2, and psychological well-being at all three waves. Structural equation modeling and multi-group analyses were used to examine the hypothesized mediation model and gender differences while accounting for prior psychological well-being and demographic covariates.
Higher family functioning was prospectively associated with greater future-oriented coping and higher psychological well-being. Future-oriented coping partially accounted for the longitudinal association between family functioning and psychological well-being (indirect effect: β = 0.195, 95% CI [0.132, 0.258]), and this indirect association was stronger among girls than boys (difference in indirect effects: β = 0.191, 95% CI [0.054, 0.329]).
These findings suggest that future-oriented coping may represent one potential temporally ordered pathway linking family functioning to later psychological well-being, with the strength of this pathway differing between girls and boys.

PMID:
42839921
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 07 Oct 2026.

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