Comparative Antiviral Spectra of Surfactants, Ethanol and Sodium Hypochlorite against Multiple Non-Enveloped Viruses under Standardized Medium-Free Conditions.

Authors

Rei Saito, Shiori Katta, Takeshi Takizawa, Junichi Sugiyama, Yasushi Kakizawa, Shigeru Morikawa

Published in

Journal of oleo science. Volume 75. Issue 10. Pages 1263-1270.

Abstract

The selection of appropriate inactivating agents is essential to prevent viral infections. However, drug susceptibility differs among virus species; therefore, the antiviral spectrum must be understood to select appropriate agents. Conventional evaluation systems do not consider the influence of extraneous components caused by different media and serum concentrations on the inactivation reaction. In this study, we elucidated the antiviral spectrum of commonly used hygiene-related and disinfectant ingredients sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), ethanol and sodium hypochlorite by comparing the effects of these agents using viral suspensions with or without media components. The culture medium components in the viral suspensions were replaced with distilled water via column chromatography. These agents were tested for their inactivation effects against adenovirus (ADV), feline calicivirus (FCV), enterovirus (ENTV), and minute mouse virus (MVM), including in the presence of culture medium components. Culture medium enhanced the inactivation effects of SDS, DDAC, and ethanol against ADV. This enhancement did not occur against ENTV or MVM. The inactivation effect of sodium hypochlorite against all viruses decreased in the presence of culture medium. Under medium-free conditions, DDAC highly inactivated FCV only but showed a limited activity against ADV and none against ENTV or MVM. SDS inactivated effectively FCV and ADV. Ethanol strongly inactivated FCV and ADV but was ineffective against ENTV and MVM. Sodium hypochlorite strongly inactivated all viruses, even at a low concentration of 10 ppm. In summary, the surfactants and ethanol inactivated FCV and ADV, whereas only sodium hypochlorite inactivated ENTV and MVM. The antiviral spectra obtained in this study, provide useful guidance for practical infection control against non-enveloped viruses and for the formulation of preparations containing surfactants, ethanol, or sodium hypochlorite, enabling the selection of appropriate active ingredients and their concentrations according to virus species and organic load.

PMID:
42844180
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 08 Oct 2026.

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