Authors
Hirohiko Fukagawa, Taku Oono, Yusuke Aoki, Tsubasa Sasaki, Haruto Shoji, Manato Tateno, Seita Kyogoku, Shintaro Mitsui, Hisao Ishii, Feiran Liu, Takuji Hatakeyama, Takahisa Shimizu
Published in
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.). Pages e75304. Oct 07, 2026. Epub Oct 07, 2026.
Abstract
Minimizing voltage losses while maintaining efficient charge generation remains a central challenge in organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Although interfacial energetic disorder intrinsically broadens the density of states (DOS), establishing macroscopic relationships between charge-transfer (CT) energetics and device performance is essential for rational material design. Here, we propose a unified scaling framework across a broad library of wide-bandgap OPVs using an effective emissive CT energy to represent the characteristic energy of the emissive CT manifold within the broadened DOS. We demonstrate that the free-carrier energy (ECS) provides a robust thermodynamic boundary for sustaining photocurrent under near-threshold conditions, highlighting the importance of free-carrier energetics in near-threshold operation. Importantly, the robustness of this macroscopic scaling is supported by the strong correspondence and internal consistency between independently evaluated CT energetics and radiative voltage-loss analysis. Within this framework, donor molecular rigidity is associated with reduced CT relaxation/broadening and effective CT exciton binding energies below 0.1 eV, thereby enabling efficient photocurrent generation near minimal energetic offsets. This scaling framework provides a practical guideline for navigating voltage-loss trade-offs and approaching low-voltage-loss operation near the thermodynamic limit.
PMID:
42844940
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 08 Oct 2026.
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