Authors
Zhiqiang Xie, Qingji Zeng, Huihua Huang, Zhibin Wu, Kai Niu, Junmin Liu, Shuqing Chen, Dianyuan Fan, Dingyuan Tang
Published in
Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany). Volume 15. Issue 14. Pages e70215. Epub Jul 15, 2026.
Abstract
Data multicasting over massive cylindrical vector beam (CVB) channels offers substantial advantages for high-capacity information dissemination in mode-multiplexed communication networks. However, conventional multicasting solutions are confined to one- or two-dimensional operations with limited diversity; multichannel, multimode implementations in three-dimensional (3D) vector space remain largely unexplored, which promises to maximize throughput. Herein, for the first time we develop a volumetric CVB multicasting strategy that introduces 3D multichannel array modes as information carriers. By coherently merging a vectorial Dammann vortex grating and a vectorial Dammann vortex zone plate on a minimalist spin-multiplexed phase-modulation metasurface, array degrees of freedom in both the transverse plane and longitudinal depth are independently regulated, thereby unlocking a 3D multichannel CVB lattice with sufficient mode diversity. As demonstration, we achieve a 3D CVB array generator with an operational dimension of 3 × 3 × 5, and 400 Gbit/s quadrature phase shift keying signals are successfully distributed to up to nine distinct spatial nodes with bit error rates of 10-6. This work provides a compact and scalable platform for volumetric vector-field engineering, opening new pathways for multidimensional optical field manipulation and complex optical node interconnection, which may accelerate advances in optical edge data processing and short-reach communication networking.
PMID:
42845848
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 08 Oct 2026.
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