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Nucleocytoplasmic transport in gynaecological cancer: From mechanisms to therapeutic potential (Review).

Created on 09 Oct 2026

Authors

Ieva Norkaityte, Laura Marija Racyte, Egle Balciunaite, Aiste Avizaite, Egle Zalyte

Published in

International journal of oncology. Volume 69. Issue 5. Epub Oct 09, 2026.

Abstract

Proper localization of proteins and RNAs in a cell is crucial for physiological function and cellular homeostasis, while disruption of the nucleocytoplasmic transport machinery leads to carcinogenesis. In gynaecological (endometrial, cervical and ovarian) tumours, upregulated nuclear transport protein expression promotes malignant cell proliferation, invasion and resistance to therapy. Therefore, therapeutic targeting of nuclear transport proteins has emerged as a promising anticancer approach. Researchers have extensively studied both nuclear import and export inhibitors in preclinical settings, alone or in combination with other targeted therapy agents. However, to date, only one compound, the exportin 1 inhibitor Selinexor, has been approved for cancer treatment. The development of nuclear transport inhibition‑based therapies is hindered by limited inhibitor specificity and complex cellular resistance mechanisms. The aim of the present review was to clarify the connection between nuclear transport dysregulation, hallmarks of gynaecological tumours and the challenges of inhibiting nuclear transport in gynaecological cancer treatment.

PMID:
42852615
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 09 Oct 2026.

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