B1-like innate B cells are present in adult human organs in homeostasis.

Authors

Ondrej Suchanek, Rory Fitzroy, Nathan Richoz, Krishnaa T Mahbubani, Jack L Martin, Benjamin J Stewart, Elena Prigmore, Menna R Clatworthy

Published in

Science immunology. Volume 11. Issue 124. Pages eadz3326. Oct 09, 2026. Epub Oct 09, 2026.

Abstract

Innate-like B cells produce natural antibodies and include marginal zone (MZ) B cells and B1 cells. B1 cells are well characterized in mice, where they prenatally seed serous cavities and produce regulatory cytokines. Putative B1 cells have been identified in human prenatal organs, but whether they persist into adulthood remains unclear. Here, we identified B1-like cells in the IgM⁺ and IgA⁺ memory compartment across adult human organs. These cells transcriptionally resembled murine and human prenatal B1 cells but not MZ B cells. They expressed canonical murine B1 cell markers, including AHNAK, and spontaneously secreted IgM. B cell receptor sequencing of paired kidney-spleen samples revealed lower diversity and mutation rates in kidney IgM/IgA clones, suggesting spleen-independent seeding. Adult B1-like cells expressed the regulatory cytokine TGFB and had abundant inferred interactions with tissue myeloid cells, which reciprocally expressed B cell prosurvival cytokines. These findings support the presence of B1-like cells across adult human organs in homeostasis.

PMID:
42853961
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 10 Oct 2026.

Read full publication at:
Please sign in to see all details.

Stats

1-terrible, 9-excellent. How would you rate this publication? Sign in in to submit your rating.

Post a comment

You need to be signed in to post comments. You can sign in here.

Comments

There are no comments yet.