Biomaterial-Based Controlled Release Systems for Spinal Cord Remyelination.

Authors

E Petillo, V Veneruso, E Frigerio, F Ghirardi, G Nunziata, Z Giorgi, F Rossi, P Veglianese

Published in

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.). Pages e75202. Oct 10, 2026. Epub Oct 10, 2026.

Abstract

Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers a complex secondary injury cascade characterized by oligodendrocyte (OL) death and axonal demyelination, leading to permanent neurological deficits. Despite the presence of endogenous oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), the inhibitory microenvironment-marked by inflammation, glial scarring, and biochemical barriers-prevents effective remyelination. Traditional pharmacological treatments are further hindered by the blood-spinal cord barrier and rapid clearance of intrathecal injections. This review examines the evolution of controlled release systems engineered to modulate the oligodendroglial lineage. We analyze macro- and micro-scale platforms, including scaffolds, which provide mechanical and topographical cues to direct the fate of OLs and OPCs. Furthermore, we discuss advanced nanoscale vectors, such as nanoparticles and exosomes, designed to deliver high-value payloads-including small molecules and therapeutic oligonucleotides-directly to the lesion site while minimizing systemic toxicity. Finally, we address critical translational gaps to bridge the divide between preclinical innovation and clinical application in restoring neural connectivity.

PMID:
42856040
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 10 Oct 2026.

Read full publication at:
Please sign in to see all details.

Stats

1-terrible, 9-excellent. How would you rate this publication? Sign in in to submit your rating.

Post a comment

You need to be signed in to post comments. You can sign in here.

Comments

There are no comments yet.