Authors
Boyana Ivanova, Radka Garnoeva, Rumen Roydev, Anton Antonov
Published in
Acta veterinaria Scandinavica. Volume 68. Issue 1. Oct 09, 2026. Epub Oct 09, 2026.
Abstract
Preservation of canine genetic material through epididymal sperm recovery and vitrification has gained increasing importance in breeding programs and germplasm conservation. The warming procedure represents a critical step affecting post-vitrification sperm survival and functionality. This study evaluated the effect of two warming temperatures on the quality of vitrified canine epididymal spermatozoa.
Epididymal spermatozoa were collected from twelve clinically healthy dogs undergoing routine orchiectomy. Samples were vitrified using a coconut water-based extender supplemented with egg yolk and subsequently warmed at either 37 °C or 42 °C for 2 min. Sperm quality was evaluated before vitrification and after warming by assessment of motility, viability, morphology, and kinematic parameters using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA).
Vitrification significantly reduced sperm quality compared with fresh samples. However, warming at 37 °C resulted in significantly higher total motility, viability, and percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa compared with warming at 42 °C. Several kinematic parameters were also better preserved following warming at 37 °C.
The warming protocol significantly influences post-vitrification quality of canine epididymal spermatozoa. Warming at 37 °C for 2 min provided superior preservation of sperm function compared with warming at 42 °C and may represent a practical approach for canine germplasm banking and assisted reproduction.
PMID:
42855695
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 10 Oct 2026.
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