Oral Microbiota Associated With Parkinson'S Disease: A Systematic Review.

Authors

Myllenne Dos Santos Abreu, Rayane Portela Lima de Morais, Tácio Fragoso Pereira, Pedro Henrique da Hora Sales, Jair Carneiro Leão, Alessandra de Albuquerque Tavares Carvalho

Published in

Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry. Volume 46. Issue 5. Pages e70272.

Abstract

To evaluate the available evidence on the association between oral microbiota composition and Parkinson's disease (PD), including its relationship with disease severity and clinical features.
This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024560059) and conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 statement. Searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS, Scopus, and SciELO. Observational studies evaluating the oral microbiota of adults with PD were included. Eleven studies, predominantly case-control, were analyzed, with 16S rRNA sequencing used in 90.9% of them. The genera most frequently associated with PD were Lactobacillus (45.45%), Prevotella (36.7%), and Streptococcus (36.7%). Most studies reported differences in beta diversity, indicating a distinct oral microbial profile in patients with PD. Higher Lactobacillus abundance and lower Neisseria abundance were associated with greater disease severity and poorer cognitive performance in some studies. According to the GRADE approach, the certainty of the evidence was very low.
The available evidence suggests that PD is associated with alterations in oral microbiota composition. However, because the evidence is derived predominantly from observational studies, causal relationships cannot be established. Longitudinal studies using standardized microbiome methodologies are needed to validate these microbial signatures as candidate biomarkers.

PMID:
42855925
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 10 Oct 2026.

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