Synthesis of azulene fluorophores reveals structure-property relationships.

Authors

Chiara Faverio, João Gabriel Ribeiro, Mehmet Kaplan, Gabriele Kociok-Köhn, Tony D James, G Dan Pantoş, Simon E Lewis

Published in

Organic chemistry frontiers : an international journal of organic chemistry. Oct 12, 2026. Epub Oct 12, 2026.

Abstract

We report the synthesis, photophysical characterisation, and crystallographic analysis of a series of substituted azulenes. The compounds are analogues of the known fluorophore diethyl 2-amino-6-hydroxyazulene-1,3-dicarboxylate, in which the electron-withdrawing groups at C1 and C3 have been retained, but the electron-donating groups at C2 and C6 have been systematically varied. Correlations were observed between the nature of the C2 and C6 substituents and the fluorescence quantum yields and emission maxima; on this basis trends in the structure-property relationship have been elucidated. A novel azulene exhibiting a five-fold increase in quantum yield over the previously known fluorophore has been identified.

PMID:
42865726
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 13 Oct 2026.

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